UDC: 330.322
https://doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2025-5-40


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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP TRENDS IN EUROPEAN AND ASIAN COUNTRIES IN 2023–2025

I. Y. Merzlov
Perm State National Research University, Perm, Russia
e-mail: imerzlov@ya.ru

Abstract. This article presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of key trends in the field of public-private partnerships (PPP) observed in European and Asian countries during the period 2023–2025. This timeframe is characterized by a unique combination of global challenges, including the need to complete post-pandemic recovery, the intensification of the climate crisis, geopolitical instability, and accelerated digital transformation, all of which have a differentiated impact on PPP models in the studied regions.

Based on a systematic analysis of data from authoritative international organizations (European Commission, European Investment Bank (EIB), Asian Development Bank (ADB), OECD, World Bank), national strategic documents of key countries (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Scandinavia, China, India, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, ASEAN), and peer-reviewed academic publications, the study reveals significant divergence in priorities, implementation mechanisms, and focus areas of PPP projects.

The research demonstrates that the European approach to PPP during this period increasingly focuses on partnerships as a catalyst for deep structural transformation aimed at achieving climate neutrality and digitalization of society. This is reflected in the dominance of «green» PPP projects (renewable energy sources and circular economy), digital and social infrastructure projects, the introduction of stringent regulatory requirements for ESG reporting and lifecycle sustainability, as well as the use of specialized financial instruments («green» bonds and blended finance).

In contrast, the Asian PPP model maintains a focus on using partnerships as a tool for accelerated economic growth and overcoming infrastructure deficits. This manifests in the priority of large-scale transport and energy megaprojects (including traditional energy sources), active development of smart cities and digital infrastructure, implementation of innovative financial models (InvIT, REIT), and adaptive regulatory reforms aimed at speeding up processes. Integration with ESG principles remains optional in this model.

The article aims to fill the gap in comparative studies of modern PPP trends at the interregional level. The results have practical significance for shaping adaptive PPP strategies capable of responding to both global sustainable development challenges and specific regional needs.

Key words: public-private partnership (PPP), infrastructure, sustainable development, green energy, digitalization, investments.

Cite as: Merzlov, I. Y. (2025) [Comparative analysis of public-private partnership trends in European and Asian countries in 2023–2025]. Intellekt. Innovacii. Investicii [Intellect. Innovations. Investments]. Vol. 5, pp. 40–50. – https://doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2025-5-40.


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