https://doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2020-4-35
INNOVATIVE DIRECTIONS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT
M. Yu. Arkhipova
National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
e-mail: archipova@yandex.ru
V. E. Afonina Odintsovo branch of Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
e-mail: v.afonina@odin.mgimo.ru
Abstract. The paper studies the trends of agricultural development in Russia. The main task of Russia’s agro food policy is to create full-fledged import-substituting industries in agriculture, taking into account the country’s natural and climatic conditions and increasing the share of agricultural products, raw materials and food in the foreign market. The solution of these tasks is possible in the conditions of a new economic system integrated with science, technology, and education.
The new economic system should create conditions for import substitution in all positions of production, distribution, exchange and consumption of food (with the exception of rare products that require special climatic conditions), the availability of food to every citizen of the country, and increasing agricultural production. Prospects for the development of the agro-industrial complex are largely related to the introduction of innovative technologies and modern management methods in all types of agricultural production, the integration of agriculture into the system of new technologies (agricultural robots, crop and soil monitoring, predictive Analytics, advances in genetics and breeding, etc.).
The article analyzes the innovative activity of the agro-industrial complex in comparison with other types of activities. Considerable attention is paid to identifying points of growth in innovative activity of agricultural production. The analysis showed that, despite the relatively low innovation activity in the agro-industrial complex as a whole, some types of activities show progressive growth. This, first of all, can be attributed to crop production and animal husbandry. An interesting fact is the entry into the top ten (7th place) for innovative activity in Russia of such activities as growing seedlings, the share of innovative products in the shipped for which was 11.4 in 2018, which is significantly higher than the average level for Russia. This trend is notable from the point of view of counterbalancing the all-Russian decline in innovation activity and allows us to speak about the development of the agro-industrial complex as a whole.
Maintaining the upward innovation trend will allow agricultural production to reach the average Russian level in the future, and surpass them in a number of positions. This statement is supported by the presence of significant potential, the dynamics of growth in agricultural production, which is largely determined by the possibility of developing new breakthrough areas. Research shows that agricultural production through the use of modern innovative technologies can provide solutions to the problems of food security of the population with domestic food, as well as increase the export potential of the industry.
Keywords: agriculture, food security, innovation, exports, activities, «growth points».
Acknowledgements: The study was supported by RFBR grant № 18-010-00564 Modern Tendencies and Social and Economic Consequences of Digital Technologies Development in Russia.
Cite as: Arkhipova, M. Yu., Afonina, V. E. (2020) [Innovative directions of agricultural production development]. Intellekt. Innovatsii. Investitsii [Intellect. Innovations. Investments]. Vol. 4, рр. 35–44. DOI: 10.25198/2077-7175-2020-4-35.
