UDC: 621.431.73
https://doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2019-4-106
CORRECTION OF THE FREQUENCY OF SERVICING OF REAR AXLE REDUCERS OF BUSES DURING OPERATION ON DIRTY ROADS
A.D. Kustikov1, N.A. Kuzmin2
Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University. R.E. Alekseeva, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
1e-mail: kustikov-ad@yandex.ru
2e-mail: kuznntu@mail.ru
Abstract. Standards of maintenance and repair of motor vehicles refer to certain operating conditions, called reference. They are designed for full or partial combination of the following conditions: I category of operating conditions; basic models of buses; the enterprises performed maintenance and repair of 200-300 units of rolling stock; mileage from the beginning of operation is 50-70% of the mileage to overhaul; work in a temperate climatic region; equipment of enterprises by means of mechanization according to the Table of technological equipment. For specific enterprises in the operation of motor vehicles refer in different from the reference operating conditions vary indicators of reliability of motor vehicles refer, the cost of their maintenance and repair. In this regard, the standards are adjusted.
One way to improve reliability and reduce costs is to adjust the standards of technical operation for buses running on unpaved roads. The conducted studies indicate the need to adjust the frequency of maintenance of reducers of rear axles of buses PAZ-32053 when servicing routes running on dirt roads.
The properties of the operating oil transmission units due to temperature, speed and load effects (as well as external contamination) vary significantly depending on the time and operating conditions. It accumulates products of oxidation and road dust, as a result of changing its physical and chemical parameters. In particular, the viscosity changes in one direction or another. The acid number increases, substances that are prone to precipitation appear in the oil.
It should also be noted that the intensity of the temperature change in the transmission units depends on the mode of the bus and the ambient temperature. It is established that the reason for reducing the reliability of bus transmissions during operation on dirt roads is a decrease in the quality of transmission oil as a result of exceeding the operating temperature of the oil due to significant deposits on the surface of the rear axle. The proposed measures allowed to reduce the number of refusals by 34%.
Keywords: dirty road, rear axle reducer, transmission oil, pollution, failure, frequency of maintenance.
