UDC: 165.02
https://doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2019-4-83
IS IT ACCIDENTAL? UNFINISHED ARGUMENT ABOUT ONE ETERNAL PHLOSOPHICAL PROBLEM
T.Z. Nazarov1, R.Yu. Rakhmatullin2, R.R. Urayev3
Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Russia
1e-mail: kf2011@rambler.ru
2e-mail: rafat54@mail.ru
Abstract. The purpose of this article is determining the chance's role to play in the modern scientific picture of the world. The origins research of this issue go back to the antique-style: to the Democritus's picture of the world, in which there is no place for chance and absolutization of the accidental in the philosophy of Epicurus. It has been established that right up to the middle of the 19th century, Democritus's view dominated in science and philosophy, stating that chance is a unknown necessity. However, in the 19th century, appeared the kinetic theory of gases and the theory of probability changed the concept about the determinism: the classical determinism began to give way to stochastic determinism. Along with it, the non-classical science begins to take shape, the main thesis of which is the statement about the impossibility to accurately predict the outcome of events. This has given rise for the statement about the existence in nature of both necessity and chance. However, such a statement is not sufficiently substantiated. This, in particular, is also indicated by attempts of some scholars to explain the contradiction in quantum mechanics in the sphere of language (Niels Bohr). The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact of promotion and justification of the thesis of the impossibility of an adequate human explanation of the processes of the microworld and megaworld. The reason for this is that logical thinking, as the main tool of knowledge, was formed in the process of human evolution as a means of adaptation to the laws of the macrocosm. This statement is also justified in explaining the nature of sensory images: their phylogenesis under the conditions of the macroworld covers an even longer period. Based on the above arguments, the article states that chance is a characteristic of knowledge, not of being. The arguments taken from modern science used to prove the existence of chance in the objective world most likely indicate only the inability of a person to explain certain events.
Keywords: chance, necessity, determinism, classical science, non-classical science, probability.
