IDENTIFICATION OF SOURCES OF ACTIVITY FINANCING: PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT OF AN ACCOUNTANT
L. A. Sviridova1, E. V. Satalkina2, T. A. Terentyeva3
Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
1e-mail: lara.sviridova.1971@mail.ru
2e-mail: elena.satalkina@mail.ru
3e-mail: teraudit56@mail.ru
Abstract. Relevance of the topic. Modern problems of identification of objects of accounting supervision as sources of financial support of activity are insufficiently investigated. In domestic and foreign practice, there is no definition of the source of financial support for the activities of economic entities. At the same time, the study revealed differences in the terminology used in the capital accounting system, which is an objective basis for the formation of professional judgment when accepting financing objects for accounting. The analysis has shown that the reliability of the reflection of the facts of economic life associated with their receipt and use by economic entities largely depends on the adequate identification of capital, target financing and budget allocations as objects of accounting.
Goal. Identify the source of financing of the activities of economic entities operating in various sectors of the economy from the standpoint of professional judgment.
Methods. The methodological basis of the work was the general scientific principles and methods of research: analysis and synthesis, logical linking, systematization of the theoretical foundations and practice of identifying sources of financing the activities of economic entities in accounting.
Main results. The systematization of approaches to the definition of «economic entity» as an independent economic category is carried out, the author’s grouping of economic entities from the position of sources of financing of their activities is developed, approaches to the identification of sources of financing of activities and their reflection in accounting from the position of professional judgment of the accountant are proposed.
Scientific novelty. The author’s definition of the source of financing of the activity of an economic entity is formulated, their grouping is presented and justified depending on the financial resources received for the implementation of the activity, and options for organizing accounting of sources of financing of different groups of economic entities are developed.
Practical significance. The proposed author’s approach to the identification and accounting of sources of financing can be implemented in the accounting policy of economic entities.
Recommendations. The conclusions given in the article allow a professional accountant to form the content of the accounting policy of an economic entity in the part of the section regulating the accounting of various sources of financing of activities and the reflection of information in the appropriate forms of accounting (financial) statements.
Key words: Economic entity, sources of financing of activity, professional judgment of the accountant, accounting of sources of financing of activity.
Cite as: Sviridova, L. A., Satalkina, E. V., Terentyeva, T. A. (2021) [Identification of sources of financing activities: professional judgment of an accountant]. Intellekt. Innovatsii. Investitsii [Intellect. Innovations. Investments]. Vol. 3, рр. 48–60. DOI: 10.25198/2077-7175-2021-3-48.
