UDC: 338.4; 331.5.024.5
https://doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2019-3-10
PROBLEMS OF MODERNIZATION AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN KAZAKHSTAN AND THE EAEU COUNTRIES
F.G. Alzhanova 1, F.M. Dnishev2
Institute of Economics of the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
1e-mail: farida.alzhanova@gmail.com
2e-mail: dfm0704@gmail.com
Abstract. The purpose of the research is to assess the dynamics of the modernization process, based on varying of the change rate of structure of the economy’s main sectors and employment in the EAEU countries.
The analysis showed that the dynamics of structural changes, stimulation of the industry, including the manufacturing industry, does not provide employment growth in this area. The trend of accelerated employment growth in the services sector was revealed. The reduced dynamics of urbanization in some EAEU countries compared to the global dynamics and dynamics in countries with an average level of development was noted. It is shown that the main employment potential for the future is formed in the services sector.
Taking into account the general trends of the service sector growth, the digital transformation, the tasks of accelerated technological modernization and the formation of a knowledge-based economy in the EAEU countries, it was recommended to ensure accelerated growth of high-tech and knowledge-intensive services, human capital development, growth of the level and quality of life, expansion of access to knowledge necessary for production of the future.
Keywords: modernization, structural changes, structural change indices, GDP structure, employment structure, high-tech and knowledge-intensive services.
